Fed Stimulus Clears Path for Gold Run

The level of stimulus the Federal Reserve (Fed) has thrown at the economy this year is almost unprecedented and has investment consequences.

First, gold. Our outlook for gold has been bullish since the summer of 2019, and the case for gold investing has become more solid in recent weeks as gold rallied through its $1,800 per ounce technical resistance level and past its previous high of $1,921.

To help gauge how high gold could go, we looked at prior gold bull markets—which could be categorized as either inflationary or deflationary—as well as the persistence of negative real interest rates. Our base case now is that we are in a deflationary environment and, based on historical trends, gold’s price typically moves up two to three times in a deflationary cycle. This helped inform the $3,400 price target we have set for gold. (See prior gold bull markets here.)

Financial markets have also benefited from the Fed stimulus. And perhaps the surprise from this summer’s data is that the global economy is doing quite well, supporting the markets, despite the social distancing that we all feel in our personal lives. Important commodities like copper have regained pre-COVID highs. In addition, China’s industrial recovery is pointing to all-time highs in activity, even while the consumer activity is still below prior-year levels.

A Beneficiary: High Yield and Fallen Angel Bonds

In a recessionary environment, some bonds are going to default or be downgraded. Fixed income markets this year generally started recovering after the Fed announced plans to intervene. We have already seen a record amount of new fallen angel bond volume—over $140B as of July 31, 2020¹—and expect more through the remainder of the year.

Similar to 2016, we have seen a lot of energy companies downgraded to become fallen angels, and the fallen angel strategy is buying those downgraded bonds. As reviewed in a recent blog, New Fallen Angel Bonds Drive Performance, these new energy fallen angels are among the top contributors to performance of the fallen angel strategy so far this year. As long as the Fed remains supportive, we believe this strategy should continue to do well.

Fallen Angel High Yield Bonds vs. Broad High Yield Bond Market
12/31/2003 – 7/31/2020

Source: ICE Data Indices as of 7/31/2020. This chart is for illustrative purposes only. Index performance is not illustrative of fund performance. Fund performance current to the most recent month end is available by visiting vaneck.com. Historical information is not indicative of future results; current data may differ from data quoted. Indexes are unmanaged and are not securities in which an investment can be made. Current data may differ from data quoted. Past performance is no guarantee of future results; VanEck Vectors Fallen Angel High Yield Bond ETF commenced on 4/10/2012. An investor cannot invest directly in an index. The results assume that no cash was added to or assets withdrawn from the Index. Index returns do not represent Fund returns. The Index does not charge management fees or brokerage expenses, nor does the Index lend securities, and no revenues from securities lending were added to the performance shown. Broad high yield bond market represented by the ICE BofA US High Yield Index. Fallen Angel U.S. High Yield is represented by the ICE US Fallen Angel High Yield 10% Constrained Index (H0CF) and the Broad U.S. High Yield by ICE BofA High Yield Index (H0A0). Fallen Angel U.S. High Yield index data on and prior to February 28, 2020 reflects that of the ICE BofA US Fallen Angel High Yield Index (H0FA). From February 28, 2020 forward, the Fallen Angel U.S. High Yield index data reflects that of the Fund's underlying index, the ICE US Fallen Angel High Yield 10% Constrained Index (H0CF). Fallen Angel U.S. High Yield index data history which includes periods prior to February 28, 2020 links H0FA and H0CF and is not intended for third party use.

Risks to this Scenario

One risk to gold and bonds is if there were to be an unforeseen rise in interest rates in the U.S. This could come from a burst of inflation driven by supply chain issues or money supply growth, for example. This is not our “base case”, but it is possible. As we can see from the chart below, higher real interest rates are not good for gold.

Gold Price vs. Real Interest Rates

Source: VanEck, FactSet, Bloomberg. Data as of May 2020. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

Another concern for the market is that the return to full employment may be bumpy. An incredible number of people have been laid off in the U.S. and, regardless of GDP numbers, people are unlikely to return to work at the same levels as the start of the year. Concern may be high enough for policy makers to take additional steps that may impact the financial recovery.

2020 Elections: Focus on Policies, not Politics

In our view, it is hard to invest according to politics, but it is important to look at the underlying policies and see if they are going to change. Regardless of who is elected in November, we don’t anticipate a big shift in Fed policy. As far as tax policy, we think there would have to be quite a degree of confidence in the economic recovery before any possible fiscal shock in terms of a big tax increase. In our view, investors should ignore all the political noise and make sure there is going to be a policy change before shifting their assets.